The Iberians gained fame for their fighting prowess, but their writing systems, their trade, and their art show that they were much more than great warriors. Their mother tongue "Iberian" was spoken from the Hérault River (France) to Porcuna (Jaén) and they left thousands of inscriptions written in an original alphabet of signs that was a mystery for centuries that little by little is deciphering ... Written on coins , lead sheet, amphorae, mosaic, stone stele, silver crockery or trousseau, painted and engraved ceramics, copper plates, silver trousseau, walls ... Its enormous diffusion in the peninsula reveals to us how consolidated it was. The same alphabet was also shared with the Lusitanian and Proto-Basque languages.

[In the image the head of the wolf on the pectoral disc of the armor of the Iberian warriors]

["BAN" (people) "KEBERRIE" (Iberians) "EBAR" (from Iberia). According to the interpretation of the inscription on a bowl from the city of Turba]

The Celtiberian Warriors proudly wore one of their most important and representative indispensable pieces in their armor: the Helmet; and it is not surprising since it, according to its characteristics, ornamental designs and composition, represented its social status. They were a symbol of the Celtiberian elites.

These helmets, in addition to protecting and adorning, had a magical, supernatural character. They were thrown into the sea as an offering and it is thought that the helmets found in a single site could be a type of Sanctuary dedicated to the God of War.

As for the signs deciphered and translated to "UNS KELTEKIAO" they refer to an inscription that appeared on a ceramic vase from Liria, which they have interpreted as "Celtic Union".

The Celtiberian Warriors proudly wore one of their most important and representative indispensable pieces in their armor: the Helmet; and it is not surprising since it, according to its characteristics, ornamental designs and composition, represented its social status. They were a symbol of the Celtiberian elites.

These helmets, in addition to protecting and adorning, had a magical, supernatural character. They were thrown into the sea as an offering and it is thought that the helmets found in a single site could be a type of Sanctuary dedicated to the God of War.

The image corresponds to a staff found in Numancia, a symbol of distinction, centrality and duality represented by a rider who, on the back of two horses with concentric circles (the sun in its nocturnal journey), carries severed heads.

Horses are very present in Iberia both in grazing and hunting for their strength and endurance, as in offerings to the god of war Cosus to take over their equine virtues or in sacrifices for warriors to take them on their travels. to the underworld.

In the Celtiberian world the initiation rite of cutting off the enemy's heads was practiced because they believed that it was where the soul resided, the vital essence of the person who survived when he died and transmitted his qualities to them, in addition to immortality.

As for the signs deciphered and translated to "UNS KELTEKIAO" they refer to an inscription that appeared on a ceramic vase from Liria, which they have interpreted as "Celtic Union".

The fierce resistance against the invader of the pre-Roman peoples comes from afar. In the peninsula, the process concluded with the Cantabrian wars (19 BC), where in a bloody war the Romans fought against the Celtic peoples of the North (the Asturian and Cantabrian tribes). Iberia was the scene of wars of occupation, subjugation, strategic alliances, cultural assimilation, interests and betrayals from Carthage -Sagunto- and subsequent rebellions, in the development of Romanization, such as the ilergetes and Iberians (submitted in 190 BC), the resistance Turdetanas, Celtíberas or Lusitanas with Viriato at the head ...

These Celtic or Proto-Celtic peoples (Galaicos, Cantabrians, Astures, Belos, Titos and Pelendones, Arévacos, Vacceos, Celtíberos, Vettones, Carpetanos, Lusitanos) who, from the end of the Bronze Age and throughout the Iron Age, shared the culture of the Urn Fields - use of iron for weapons and cremation of their dead -, beliefs, gods, cults, magic, forests, devotion to ritual warfare and duels, resisted - fighting and defending in its fortified Castros - until the Roman Empire put an end to the Spanish Celtic or Celtiberia by destroying the last Celtiberian bastion (Numancia).

The fierce resistance against the invader of the pre-Roman peoples comes from afar. In the peninsula the process concluded with the Cantabrian wars (19 BC), where in a bloody war the Romans fought against the Celtic peoples of the North (the Asturian and Cantabrian tribes). Iberia was the scene of wars of occupation, subjugation, strategic alliances, cultural assimilation, interests and betrayals from Carthage -Sagunto- and subsequent rebellions, in the development of Romanization, such as the ilergetes and Iberians (submitted in 190 BC), the resistance Turdetanas, Celtiberians or Lusitanas with Viriato at the head...

These Celtic or Proto-Celtic peoples (Galaicos, Cantabrians, Astures, Belos, Titos and Pelendones, Arévacos, Vacceos, Celtíberos, Vettones, Carpetanos, Lusitanos) that, from the end of the Bronze Age and throughout the Iron Age, chose the cultural influence of the Urn Fields - use of iron for weapons and incineration of their dead - (especially the northwest quadrant of the peninsula), shared beliefs, gods, cults, magic, forests, devotion to ritual warfare and the duels, and they resisted - fighting and defending themselves in their fortified Forts - until the Roman Empire put an end to the Spanish Celtic or Celtiberia by destroying the last vital stronghold of Celtiberian heroic resistance in 139 BC (Numancia).

This is our tribute to the fearsome and honorable lady samurai of Japan, Onna-Bugeisha.

Warriors like the courageous Empress Jingū who defied the social norms of her time, or the menacing and loyal Tomoe Gozen, who according to the 13th century poem the Song of Heike, was a reckless horsewoman to whom neither the bravest horse nor the most rugged land could intimidate, capable of, with her skillful handling of the sword and the arch, face a thousand fierce warriors; or the intrepid Nakato Takeko who instructed in the martial arts of the naginata, directed the famous independent female unit Joshitai and before being captured by her enemies, asked her sister to cut off her head, following the Seppuku ritual.

The image of the shirt is an adaptation of Tomoe Gozen portrayed by Kikuchi Yōsai.

Those lively merchants from Syria who, guided by the stars and their magnificent boats, sailed the Mediterranean around 1000 BC until they reached the south of the Iberian Peninsula. They exchanged their products ... spices, oil and wine with the indigenous peoples in exchange for silver, among their most famous settlements is Gadir (current Cádiz) and one of their greatest legacy the alphabet

The Kingdom of Castile was a prosperous, frontier and politically advanced society, organized on the basis of its peculiar institutions (Cortes, Councils, Communities, Behetrías) that erupted in a deep malaise of the Castilians before Carlos de Gante's self-proclamation as King of Castile. The postponement of the economic and political interests of Castile together with Flemish greed caused the first modern revolution - the so-called War of the Communities of Castile that lasted from 1520 to 1522. An armed uprising led by the Castilian cities with attorneys in the Cortes, supported by the peasantry and the lower nobility. The community members in Villalar were disarmed with the execution of Padilla, Maldonado and Bravo, the constitutional reform project of the Communities of Castile to reorganize the country was frustrated, now forming part of the Imperial project of the emperor.

Ostentatious, fearless, brave and courageous warriors, so fearful that even the very devil closed the gates of hell because he was afraid of them... These knights of steel or servants of the land were the warrior elites of the Renaissance, recognizable by their striking features, colorful and extravagant clothing (until then reserved for the clergy and nobility, as they were exempted from the rules of the state and the sanctuary laws) their actions were recorded in legendary battles such as Pavia, San Quintín, the siege of Vienna, or the sack of Rome.

In a period, at the end of the 15th century, in which feudalism was dying —with it the caste system that determined by birth the roles in life— and the art of war was changing, the peasants, craftsmen or servants had the possibility to become by their own merits pikemen, arquebusiers or swordsmen within the new mercenary armies of the emperor. Without a noble title, lineage and ancestry, the Lansquenets were able to become highly paid land soldiers thanks to their impeccable combat technique, their high risk in the battlefield that made their lives "so short and brutal" (Maximilian I).

If you are a warrior and you don't have a beard, have it looked at... Let's take a look at history: Leonidas looked impressive with his 300 men…but his bushy beard was equally scary, Ciro and Jerges combed their incredible long beards, while Attila the Hun, whore a very thin but fine beard, in the Ancient Mesopotamia they even wore ringlets on theirs beards!! Let's remember the white beards of the Samurai masters, and the presumptuous Vikings who placed their razor blades in their tombs, what about the gods of Ancient Greece, Zeus or Poseidon...? and then came Alexander the Great and he screwed up by forbidding his soldiers to wear them because in battle their enemies caught them by making them fall off their horses. Neither did the Romans, because they gave them to the gods in their ritual (depositio barbae) of their passage from childhood to adulthood, or the native Indians who shaved like maniacs, and what about the pharaohs who manscaped their balls but wore false beards?? Well, in spite of these and other exceptions, the beard has its own twist and turns and brings out the warrior that exist in each of everyone of us.

If you are a warrior and you don't have a beard, have it looked at... Let's take a look at history: Leonidas looked impressive with his 300 men…but his bushy beard was equally scary, Ciro and Jerges combed their incredible long beards, while Attila the Hun, whore a very thin but fine beard, in the Ancient Mesopotamia they even wore ringlets on theirs beards!! Let's remember the white beards of the Samurai masters, and the presumptuous Vikings who placed their razor blades in their tombs, what about the gods of Ancient Greece, Zeus or Poseidon...? and then came Alexander the Great and he screwed up by forbidding his soldiers to wear them because in battle their enemies caught them by making them fall off their horses. Neither did the Romans, because they gave them to the gods in their ritual (depositio barbae) of their passage from childhood to adulthood, or the native Indians who shaved like maniacs, and what about the pharaohs who manscaped their balls but wore false beards?? Well, in spite of these and other exceptions, the beard has its own twist and turns and brings out the warrior that exist in each of everyone of us.

If you are a warrior and you don't have a beard, have it looked at... Let's take a look at history: Leonidas looked impressive with his 300 men…but his bushy beard was equally scary, Ciro and Jerges combed their incredible long beards, while Attila the Hun, whore a very thin but fine beard, in the Ancient Mesopotamia they even wore ringlets on theirs beards!! Let's remember the white beards of the Samurai masters, and the presumptuous Vikings who placed their razor blades in their tombs, what about the gods of Ancient Greece, Zeus or Poseidon...? and then came Alexander the Great and he screwed up by forbidding his soldiers to wear them because in battle their enemies caught them by making them fall off their horses. Neither did the Romans, because they gave them to the gods in their ritual (depositio barbae) of their passage from childhood to adulthood, or the native Indians who shaved like maniacs, and what about the pharaohs who manscaped their balls but wore false beards?? Well, in spite of these and other exceptions, the beard has its own twist and turns and brings out the warrior that exist in each of everyone of us.

If you are a warrior and you don't have a beard, have it looked at... Let's take a look at history: Leonidas looked impressive with his 300 men…but his bushy beard was equally scary, Ciro and Jerges combed their incredible long beards, while Attila the Hun, whore a very thin but fine beard, in the Ancient Mesopotamia they even wore ringlets on theirs beards!! Let's remember the white beards of the Samurai masters, and the presumptuous Vikings who placed their razor blades in their tombs, what about the gods of Ancient Greece, Zeus or Poseidon...? and then came Alexander the Great and he screwed up by forbidding his soldiers to wear them because in battle their enemies caught them by making them fall off their horses. Neither did the Romans, because they gave them to the gods in their ritual (depositio barbae) of their passage from childhood to adulthood, or the native Indians who shaved like maniacs, and what about the pharaohs who manscaped their balls but wore false beards?? Well, in spite of these and other exceptions, the beard has its own twist and turns and brings out the warrior that exist in each of everyone of us.

Those lively merchants from Syria who, guided by the stars and their magnificent boats, sailed the Mediterranean around 1000 BC until they reached the south of the Iberian Peninsula. They exchanged their products ... spices, oil and wine with the indigenous peoples in exchange for silver, among their most famous settlements is Gadir (current Cádiz) and one of their greatest legacy the alphabet

The first warriors of the Iberian Peninsula were fierce and faithful Iberians who defended with their death their warlords. They were expert riders who carried bows, arrows and the feared Falcata that they used until the end of the battle. Just like the men, the women, in addition to devoting themselves to cattle and cultivation, also participated in the warrior life and in the Assembly where the important decisions of the tribal states were taken. Dedicated to the cult of female deities (symbol of creation & fertility), they also offered rites to the Sun and the Moon. In their temples, adorned with sculptures of sacred wolves —representing the warrior ardour, the cult of the night, the guide in the beyond— magical ceremonies were celebrated by priestesses such as the famous Lady of Elche.

Are you scared? Face your dangers! The courage lies within you. Even if you are afraid, look fear in the face. Give yourself up, be genuine and brave, fight for what you love even if you take risks and sometimes you are misunderstood and do not please everyone. Let nothing frighten you and prevent you from facing your dream. Always play the game, you have a Lionheart.

Courage to face your fears and injustices, like that epic and adventurous medieval knight, descendant of the legendary King Arthur and friend of Robin Hood, the brave monarch Richard I who legend says faced abuse for justice and for his people in times of conspiracies, betrayals, ambitions and expediencies. God knows! In any case, courage!

Horns? Who needs those horns if not to drink beer, mead or whatever you want. If you want to imitate daring Vikings, please stop embellishing and sharpen your axe because your helmet does not have horns. Today this is already evident, but when German Romanticism - well, more precisely, in the illustrated re-edition of the "Saga of Frithiof" - and in Wagner's "Twilight of the Gods") and, later, Vicky the Viking was given to put two antlers on the helmet, we all ate it with potatoes. The damn truth is that in the tombs found there were some horns positioned near their hooves so that they could drink their favourite concoctions on their way to their bloody feast in Valhalla, hence the legendary confusion. Yes, the giants of the North wore helmets, shields, axes and swords, were butchered and worshipped gods such as Thor, Tyr, Freja and Odin, and none of them wore any kind of bony, pointed projection on their heads.